No trip to Dubrovnik is complete without circling Old Dubrovnik atop the majestic city walls that surround her. These walls are considered the greatest medieval fortifications in history and kept the city safe for hundreds of years.
The current walls date from between the 12th and 17th centuries, though the first walls were built around the 8th century. The walls run for about 2km, encircling the old town atop these gorgeous cliffs above the Adriatic. There are only 4 entrances into Old Dubrovnik through the walls, so the city is still very fortified even today. Still, over 500 of the 800 or so buildings in Old Dubrovnik were damaged in the siege of Dubrovnik in 1991-1992. During the war, the walls proved effective at protecting against even modern weaponry. It is said that the Serb forces wanted to detach Dubrovnik from Croatia and make it part of Montenegro.
Over the years, the city has been attacked in over 7 wars. The city has been tacked by Russians, Arabs, and Venetians, though never fell.